Wrench.



No, 698,498. Patented Apr. 29, |902.-

.Hf-DEF. mLLlfAnn. v

, WRENCH.

` (Application med Feb. 3; 1902,) (Nn Model.)

mi Nonms PETERS co. Horn-LITRO., wAsmNsYoN. D, c.

UNITED Srnrri-isv YPatri-irrt OFFICE.V

HARRY DE F. HILLIARD, OF LANCASTER, NEV HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR OF ONF-HALFTO MOSES A. HASTINGS, OF LANCASTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersvPaten-t No. 698,498, dated April29, 1902. Application led February 3, 1902. SSIRNO- 32,35% (N0 mOdPl-PTo all wiz/0m it may concern:

Beit known that I, HARRY DE F. HILLIARD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lancaster, in the county of Coos and State of New Hampshire,have invented new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in pipe-wrenches of thetype employ-4 ing a stationary jaw and a pivoted'swinging jaw operatedbya screw and adapted to grip the pipe between itself and the fixed jaw,so that a downward movement on the handle portion of the wrench willresult in the swinging jaw gripping the pipe rmly, and when the downwardmovement of the handle is arrested and said handle is moved in thereverse direction the pivoted jaw will swing suihciently upon its pivotto release the pipe.

The invention consists of the parts and the constructions andcombinations of parts which I will hereinafter fully describe, and pointout in the claims.

In the accompanying drawing, in .which similarletters of referenceindicate like parts, the figure is a side elevation of a wrench embodying my invention.

In carrying out my invention I construct a bar A with an end portionturned at or about right angles to form a stationary jaw B, said barbeing extended in the usual manner to form the handle for 4operating thewrench.`

The movable jaw Chas au opening through it for the'bar A, and itsgripping-face and the like face of the jaw B are serrated or formed withcorrugations or ratchet-surfaces to make these jaws more readily andsecurely grip the pipe which they are intended to embrace.

lThe opening through'the jaw C is also suiiiciently larger than thediameter of the barA to provide for the swinging movement of the jaw O,as I will .hereinafter fully describe. A yoke or collar D also encirclesthe barA and has a lug formed with it at a to receive earsor lugs b,projecting from the movable jaw, the two parts-namely, the jaw andcollarbeing pivotally connected .by a pin or bolt c passing through thefront portion of the collar and the lugs in a plane which is at one sideof the front edge of the bar A.

ing through a nut d, confined within a recessed part of the handleportion of the jaw A and the lower end of the screw passing through aguide or lug e, said-nut serving as the screw in the plane of the axisof the movable jaw the pressure transmitted from the jaw when the wrenchis in operation is ap- 65 plied in the direction and line of the screw,thereby securing the requisite strength of the vparts and not weakeningthe jaw, as in cases .where the end of the screw enters the jaw direct.

Projecting from and forming an integral part of each side of the upperend ofthe movable jaw is a ilange or plate E,- one on each side of thestationary jaw and connected at the rear end by a web e', the object ofwhich is to prevent the pipe engaged by the jaws `from settling up tothe bar A after or when the wrench is adjusted to the pipe.. front edgesof these plates or flanges E lie in The a plane a little in front of thefront edge of the bar A in order that they may accomplish the object juststated, and the plates or flanges have the further function ofkeeping the teeth or serrations of the jaws always on the pipe, so thatthe jaws will readily catch on applying downward pressure to the handleof the wrench. I l

In wrenches employing p'ivoted jaws of the type shown, but without theequivalent of my plates or flanges E, the tendency of the pipe is tobecome wedged more deeply into the tapering opening :between the twojaws with each successive downward movement of the wrench-Lthat is, when"the wrench is moved to cause the jaws to take a new hold upon thepipe-thereby retarding the speed with which the pipe can be turned; butthis is obviated bymy extending plates or flanges E or equivalent bars,which as soon as the downward pressure of my wrench is released roo lyoke, the opposite end of the screw extendmeans by which the screw maybe moved 6oV lengthwise to adjust the movable jaw toward 'and from thefixed jaw. By thus locating will always rest upon the top of the pipeand prevent said pipe from becoming wedged in the manner beforeindicated and secure greater freedom of pipe release.

In the actual operation of my Wrench the movable jaw is not to bescrewed tightly against the pipe, but -is to be left sufciently loose sothat the freedom to swing may be present when the direct pressure on thepipe is released and the wrench is moved upward.

If desired, a screw g (shown in dotted lines) may be used to regulatethe distance through which the swinging jaw may drop when the Wrench isscrewed onto the pipe and when the reverse movement is applied, thusregulating the degree of pressure that the movable jaw will be capableof exerting before its upward movement is arrested by its coming incontact with the bar A. By setting the screw g against the bar A theswinging jaw may be locked in a xed position, in which instance thewrench will be serviceable as a nutwrench.

The device is strong and simple in construction. It is also easilyoperated and is effective as a combined pipe and nut wrench.

The serrated portions of the jaws may be formed of removable plates 2,having pins 3 on the back to lit recesses in the jaws and having screws4 or equivalent means for securing the plates to said jaws.v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A wrench including a fixed and movable jaw between which the articleis received, said movable jaw slidable upon the shank of the lixed jawand having members extending on each side of and parallel with the shankand substantially embracing the iixed jaw.

2.- A wrench includingabar and fixed and movable jaws said movable jawbeing slidable upon the shank of the fixed jaw and pivotally mounted atits lower portion and having members extending from its upper portionone on each side of the iixed jaw,

3. A Wrench including a bar having a xed jaw, a jaw slidable on the bar,a collar or yoke also slidable on said bar said collar or yoke andslidable jaw being pivotally united at a point in front of the bar, andsaid movable jaw having a projecting portion extending in the directionof the length of the shank of the fixed jaw and adapted to be engaged bythe pipe or rod to rock the movable jaw about its pivot, and a screwparallel with the bar and in the plane of the pivot of the movable jaw,whereby said movable jaw is adjusted toward and from the fixed jaw.

4. A wrench including a bar having a fixed jaw, a jaw slidable on saidbar and a collar or yoke also slidable on the bar and pivotallyconnected with the slidable jaw said slidable jaw having portionsextending in the direction of the length of the shank and adapted to beengaged by the pipe or rod to rock the movable jaw about its pivot, anda screw carried by the pivoted jaw and adapted to engage said bar tolimit the rocking movement of the jaw.

5. A pipe-wrench consisting of a bar have ing a handle portion and afixed jaw, a yoke slidable on the bar and a jaw also slidable on the barand -pivotally connected with said yoke forward of the plane of thefront of the bar, an operating-screw parallel with the bar and in theplane of the pivotal axis of the movable jaw, and plates or iangesextending from the movable jaw substantially parallel with the bar andembracing the outside of the latter.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

HARRY DE F. IIlLLlARD.

\Vitnesses:

BURLEIGH ROBERTS, BERNARD JACOBS.

